This provides a basis to formally revise this taxon and the seven closely related nominal species that are widely distributed in China and East Asia. Using data on molecular phylogenetics, genetic diversity and shell morphology, we provide a more inclusive species concept for S. Shell shape variation shows no clear separations and shows environmental plasticity. Genetic and shape variations were not congruent, suggesting that minor variations in shell shape do not indicate distinct Sinotaia species. quadrata populations in both China and Japan. We used microsatellite markers and landmark-based geometric morphometric analysis to examine the genetic differentiation and shell shape variation of S. The combination of phylogenetic and shape variance data suggests that seven currently recognized species of Sinotaia should be synonymized with S. We also compared the shell outline morphology of type material of most species in the genus Sinotaia from the original literature. quadrata based on the 16S rRNA and cytochrome c oxidase subunit I genes to test which classifications are robust using modern data and interpretation. To clarify relationships in this common and significant member of the freshwater benthos, we reconstructed a phylogeny for species related to S. Sinotaia quadrata, the type species of Sinotaia, comprises many named forms and transitions between them, and the taxonomic validity of some species similar to S. Lake Mainit is located in the northeastern part of the island of Mindanao.The taxonomy of species in the caenogastropod genus Sinotaia (Viviparidae: Bellamyinae) has been a complex and controversial issue since the 19th century. It is the deepest lake in the Philippines, with a maximum depth of 223 m. With a surface area of 173.40 sq km, Lake Mainit is the country’s fourth biggest lake. Taal Lake is high in sulfuric content due to its location in the volcanic region. Located on the island of Luzon, in the province of Batangas, the lake’s waters fill a large caldera formed by volcanic eruptions that occurred thousands of years ago. With an area of 234.2 sq km, Taal Lake is the third largest lake in the Philippines. The lake is home to 18 endemic species of cyprinid fish, as well as many waterbirds. A hydroelectric plant located along the Lanao-Agus River system supplies about 70% of the island's electricity. Four rivers drain into the lake, while the Agus River is its only outflow. Lake Lanao was formed by volcanic and tectonic activity, and is also regarded as one of the oldest surviving lakes in the world. The lake is located on the island of Mindanao, within the Lanao del Sur province, and is the largest lake on the island. Lake Lanao is the second biggest lake in the Philippines, with an area of 340 sq km and a maximum depth of 122 m. Laguna de Baý is a major source of freshwater fish in the Philippines. The lake has 21 tributaries and the Pasig River is its major outflow. The middle lobe, located between the peninsulas, fills a large volcanic feature named Laguna Caldera, and the island of Talim is located in approximately the middle of the lake.
The lake forms the shape of a stylized "W," as it contains three lobes and two peninsulas that jut out from the north. Located east of Metro Manila and covering an area of 949 sq km, the lake has an average depth of is 2.8 m. Laguna de Baý is the largest lake in the Philippines. The Five Largest Lakes in the Philippines 1. The country's largest lakes are highlighted below. Additionally, the obstruction of rivers due landslides and lava flows, for example, have also created many of the lakes in the Philippines. Most lakes in the Philippines were created through volcanic and tectonic activity, which resulted in the formation of lake basins. Located in Southeast Asia, the country is known for its many diverse and spectacular natural features, including numerous lakes. The Philippines is a vast archipelagic country in the Pacific Ocean that consists of about 7,641 islands.
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